Books 2011: 93-9493.
The Táin: A New Translation of The Táin Bó Cúailnge. Translated by Ciaran Carson. Penguin Classics, Penguin, London, 2008.
Carson's translation of the
Táin Bó Cúailgne, the Irish epic also known as the
Cattle Raid of Cooley, first appeared in print in 2007, making it several decades younger than the previous standard translation by Thomas Kinsella. Carson is a poet by profession, and his facility with language is reflected in a graceful, striking translation that alternates prose with rhymed and unrhymed verse as appropriate to the original sensibilities of the text.
The text of the Táin is not unitary, as Carson acknowledges. The text as transmitted exists in two recensions, possessed of significant discrepancies. In his own words, "There is no canonical
Táin, and every translation of it is of necessity another version or recension."
But the main thrust of the story is well known. How Medb of Connacht was jealous of her husband Ailill's prize bull, Finnbennach; how they set out to acquire the only bull in Ireland to match Finnbennach, the Donn Cúailgne (the Brown Bull of Cooley), from the lands of Ulster; how the men of Ulster are laid low by their periodic curse, and the armies of Medb and Ailill are opposed by the young hero Cú Chulainn, who kills many in feats of bloody and extravagant violence, including his foster-brother, Fer Diad.
How in the end the two bulls meet in battle and kill each other, rendering the whole tale an exercise in gory irony.
There's pathos and humour in the tale, particularly when it comes to Fergus Mac Rossa Roích, leader of the Ulster exiles in Medb's service and Cú Chulainn's foster father. (He was driven from Ulster because he stood surety for the sons of Uisne, and Conchobar dishonoured his sureties by killing them.) Some of the best banter in the whole thing involves Fergus, and his chess game with Ailill (after Ailill steals his sword, because he is lying with Medb) is a thing of beauty.
I'd forgotten how much I actually
enjoy the Táin, and as literature, Carson's translation more than does it justice.
94. Plutarch,
On Sparta. Translated with an introduction and notes by Richard J.A. Talbert. Penguin Classics, Penguin, London, 2005.
Talbert's translation of those of Plutarch's writings that deal with Spartan things was first published in 1988. This edition includes a new translation of the
Life of Agesilaus in addition to the
Lives of Lycurgus, Agis, and Cleomenes, the
Sayings of Spartans and the
Sayings of Spartan Women. It also includes, as an appendix, (pseudo-)Xenophon's
Spartan Society.
With the exception of the
Life of Lycurgus, the semi-mythical Spartan lawgiver, the
Lives included here essentially chart the decline of Spartan society, after the apex of its power during the Peloponnesian Wars. Agesilaus presided over Sparta's defeat by Thebes and the loss of a great deal of territory; Agis attempted to reform Spartan society and was condemned to death by his own people; and Cleomenes ended his life by suicide after exile and house arrest in the Alexandria of King Ptolemy.
Sparta's decline is an interesting one, though one somewhat obscured by the so-called 'Spartan mirage' in which the state's heyday has been shrouded since antiquity. Plutarch is a reliable source for events, though not, perhaps, for motivations. He, too, is somewhat dazzled by the glare of Sparta's 'Lycurgan constitution,' which may make his description of the antiquity of some Spartan institutions a little suspect. Nonetheless, it makes for fascinating reading.
The
Sayings comprise a relatively short section of the volume, and consist of the kind of pithy wit for which Spartans were famous throughout Greece. Sayings along the line of: "Leotychidas the son of Ariston said to the man who mentioned that Demaratus' sons were spreading bad reports about him: "By the gods, I'm not surprised, since none of them could ever find a good word to say."
An interesting volume, and a very readable translation.
Gym today. 2.5 miles in 28:40, treadmill; 8K in 32:30, exercise bike. Jujutsu.
Jujutsu was mostly full of Kali stick drills again. Stick drills are getting
complicated. Where last week we were doing a single basic 1-1-2 drill, this week we were stringing three combinations together.
And damn, but that was confusing. And tiring. Especially what with the footwork and all.
The bare-handed strike-counterstrike-takedown drills for the last twenty minutes came as quite the relief, I tell you true.